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In this Section

PowerShell on Windows
Explains what is necessary to set up a PowerShell environment for using NCache.

Add-BackingSource
Discusses how to add backing source using Command Line.

Add-BridgeCache
Discusses how to add a clustered cache to a registered bridge.

Add-BridgeNode
Discusses how to add a bridge server node to a registered bridge.

Add-ClientNode
Discusses how to add a client node to a cache.

Add-ClientNodeSecurity
Discusses how to add client node security.

Add-CompactType
Discusses how to add compact serialization to the cache.

Add-CustomDependency
Discusses how to add custom dependency.

Add-LoaderDataset
Discusses how to add a loader dataset.

Add-Node
Discusses how to add a server node to an existing cache.

Add-PortableType
Discusses how to enable data sharing for different classes.

Add-QueryIndex
Discusses how to add query indexes for the objects to be added in a cache.

Add-StartupLoader
Discusses how to configure startup loader provider for a cache.

Add-TestData
Discusses how to add some test data to a cache.

Clear-Cache
Discusses how to clear a cache.

Disable-NCacheSecurity
Discusses how to disable NCache security on the specified server.

Disable-NCacheTLS
Discusses how to disable TLS encryption on specified nodes.

Enable-NCacheSecurity
Discusses how to enable NCache security on the specified server.

Enable-NCacheTLS
Discusses how to enable TLS encryption on specified nodes.

Export-CacheConfiguration
Discusses how to export the cache configuration to the specified path.

Export-CacheData
Discuesses how to export cache data to the specified path.

Export-CacheKeys
Discusses how to export the cache keys to the specified path.

Get-CacheClientStatistics
Discusses how to fetch the client statistics for a specified cache.

Get-CacheCount
Discusses how to get the total cache count of a particular cache.

Get-CacheLogs
Discusses how to fetch particular log file(s) from NCache repository to the local machine.

Get-CacheLogsList
Discusses how to get a list of cache logs for a particular cache.

Get-Caches
Discusses how to get the total number of caches registered on a server.

Get-CacheServerStatistics
Discusses how to fetch the server statistics for a specified cache.

Get-ClusterHealth
Discusses how to display the cluster health of a specific cache.

Get-ConnectedClients
Discusses how to list connected clients for server based licensing.

Get-MemoryDumpList
Discusses how to get a list of all memory dumps generated on a server.

Get-NCacheVersion
Discusses how to get the details about the NCache version installed.

Get-Topics
Discusses how to get the list of all the topics registered on a cache.

Import-CacheData
Discusses how to get the cache data from the backup.

Import-DistributedLuceneIndex
Discusses how to get the distributed lucene index.

Import-LuceneIndex
Discusses how to get the lucene index.

Install-Module
Discusses how to deploy provider assemblies.

Invoke-RefresherDataset
Discusses how to enable refresher dataset.

Invoke-ServerLogger
Discusses how to enable detailed logging.

New-Bridge
Discusses how to create a new bridge.

New-Cache
Discusses how to create a new cache.

New-ClientCache
Discusses how to create a new client cache.

New-MemoryDump
Discusses how to generate a memory dump on a server for a cache or process.

Remove-Backing Source
Discusses how to remove preconfigured backing source providers.

Remove-Bridge
Discusses how to remove an already registered bridge.

Remove-BridgeCache
Discusses how to remove an existing clustered cache from a registered bridge.

Remove-BridgeNode
Discusses how to remove an existing bridge server node from a registered bridge.

Remove-Cache
Discusses how to remove an already existing cache.

Remove-ClientCache
Discusses how to remove an already existing client cache.

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Remove-ClientNode
Discusses how to remove client node(s) from a cluster.

Remove-CompactType
Discusses how to remove serializable objects.

Remove-CustomDependency
Discusses how to remove custom dependency.

Remove-LoaderDataset
Discusses how to remove a loader dataset.

Remove-MemoryDump
Discusses how to delete a memory dump file generated on a server.

Remove-Node
Discusses how to remove a server node from a cache.

Remove-PortableType
Discusses how to remove data sharing.

Remove-QueryIndex
Discusses how to remove query indexes for objects to be added in the cache.

Remove-StartupLoader
Discusses how to remove a preconfigured startup loader provider for a cache.

Resume-NCacheDataPersistence
Discusses how to resume NCache data persistence for a cache.

Set-BridgeCacheMode
Discusses how to start a bridge on a server.

Set-CacheConfiguration
Discusses how to configure a cache on a server.

Start-Bridge
Discusses how to start a bridge on a server.

Start-BridgeStateTransfer
Discusses how to manually start the state transfer process from a source to target cache on bridge.

Start-Cache
Discusses how to start a cache on a server.

Start-NCacheManagementCenter
Explains how to start the NCache Management Center.

Start-NCachePlaygroundProcess
Explains how to start the NCache Playground.

Stop-Bridge
Discusses how to stop a bridge on a server.

Stop-Cache
Discusses how to stop a cache on a server.

Stop-NCacheManagementCenter
Explains how to stop the NCache Management Center.

Stop-NCachePlaygroundProcess
Explains how to stop the NCache Playground.

Suspend-CacheDataPersistence
Explains how to suspend the NCache data persistence.

Test-Stress
Discusses how to simulate stress to test NCache performance.

Unregister-NCache
Discusses the deactivation of NCache licenses.

Write-BackingSourceConfig
Explains how to display the configuration for backing source implementation.

Write-QueryIndexConfig
Discusses how to display the configuration for query-indexing implementation.

Veeam PowerShell Reference does not document internal .NET classes and methods.

Users and Roles
A machine that runs the PowerShell session must have Windows PowerShell version 5.1 installed.

Starting Veeam PowerShell Sessions

Running Veeam PowerShell Session from Veeam Backup Server

You can start a Veeam PowerShell session either using the Veeam Backup & Replication UI, or directly from the Windows PowerShell console installed on your machine.

: in the main menu of
From Windows PowerShell consoleMicrosoft Docs

Starting PowerShell Session

Running Veeam PowerShell Session from Remote Machine

To verify that Veeam PowerShell module is installed on your machine, run the Get-Module -Name Veeam.Backup.PowerShell command. The cmdlet will return information on this module.

In This Section

PowerShell
Influenced by

Screenshot of a PowerShell 7 session in Windows Terminal
Paradigm	Imperative, pipeline, object-oriented, functional and reflective
Designed by	Jeffrey Snover, Bruce Payette, James Truher (et al.)
Developer	Microsoft
First appeared	November 14, 2006; 17 years ago

Stable release
Typing discipline	Strong, safe, implicit and dynamic
Implementation language	C#
Platform	PowerShell: .NET Windows PowerShell: .NET Framework
OS
License	MIT License^[2] (but the Windows component remains proprietary)
Filename extensions	.ps1 (Script) .ps1xml (XML Document) .psc1 (Console File) .psd1 (Data File) .psm1 (Script Module) .pssc (Session Configuration File) .psrc (Role Capability File) .cdxml (Cmdlet Definition XML Document)
Website
Python, Ksh, Perl, C#, CL, DCL, SQL, Tcl, Tk,^[3] Chef, Puppet

PowerShell includes its own extensive, console-based help (similar to man pages in Unix shells) accessible via the Get-Help cmdlet. Updated local help contents can be retrieved from the Internet via the Update-Help cmdlet. Alternatively, help from the web can be acquired on a case-by-case basis via the -online switch to Get-Help.

cmdlets (.NET Framework programs designed to interact with PowerShell)
PowerShell scripts (files suffixed by .ps1)
PowerShell functions
Standalone executable programs

Extended Type System

The number of cmdlets included in the base PowerShell install has generally increased with each version:

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Version	Cmdlets	Ref
Windows PowerShell 1.0		^[38]
Windows PowerShell 2.0		^[39]
Windows PowerShell 3.0		^[40]
Windows PowerShell 4.0	?
Windows PowerShell 5.0		^[41]
Windows PowerShell 5.1		^[]
PowerShell Core 6.0	?
PowerShell Core 6.1	?
PowerShell Core 6.2	?
PowerShell 7.0		^[]
PowerShell 7.1	?
PowerShell 7.2	?
PowerShell 7.4

 # Definition of static parameters # Definition of dynamic parameters # Set of instruction to run at the start of the pipeline # Main instruction sets, ran for each item in the pipeline # Set of instruction to run at the end of the pipeline

Desired State Configuration

Upon running a configuration, DSC will ensure that the system gets the state described in the configuration. DSC configurations are idempotent. The Local Configuration Manager (LCM) periodically polls the system using the control flow described by resources (imperative pieces of DSC) to make sure that the state of a configuration is maintained.

Initially using the code name “Monad”, PowerShell was first shown publicly at the Professional Developers Conference in October 2003 in Los Angeles. All major releases are still supported, and each major release has featured backwards compatibility with preceding versions.

Windows PowerShell 1.0

Windows PowerShell 2.0

Windows PowerShell 3.0

Scheduled jobs: Jobs can be scheduled to run on a preset time and date using the Windows Task Scheduler infrastructure.
Session connectivity: Sessions can be disconnected and reconnected. Remote sessions have become more tolerant of temporary network failures.
Improved code writing: Code completion (IntelliSense) and snippets are added. PowerShell ISE allows users to use dialog boxes to fill in parameters for PowerShell cmdlets.
Delegation support: Administrative tasks can be delegated to users who do not have permissions for that type of task, without granting them perpetual additional permissions.
Help update: Help documentations can be updated via Update-Help command.
Automatic module detection: Modules are loaded implicitly whenever a command from that module is invoked. Code completion works for unloaded modules as well.
New commands: Dozens of new modules were added, including functionality to manage disks get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk, volumes, firewalls, network connections, and printers, which had previously been performed via WMI.^{[further explanation needed]}

Windows PowerShell 4.0

New features in PowerShell 4.0 include:

Desired State Configuration:^[83]^[84]^[85] Declarative language extensions and tools that enable the deployment and management of configuration data for systems using the DMTF management standards and WS-Management Protocol
New default execution policy: On Windows Servers, the default execution policy is now RemoteSigned.
Save-Help: Help can now be saved for modules that are installed on remote computers.
Enhanced debugging: The debugger now supports debugging workflows, remote script execution and preserving debugging sessions across PowerShell session reconnections.
-PipelineVariable switch: A new ubiquitous parameter to expose the current pipeline object as a variable for programming purposes
Network diagnostics to manage physical and Hyper-V‘s virtualized network switches
Where and ForEach method syntax provides an alternate method of filtering and iterating over objects.

Windows PowerShell 5.0

Key features included:

The new class keyword that creates classes for object-oriented programming
The new enum keyword that creates enums
OneGet cmdlets to support the Chocolatey package manager^[87]
Extending support for switch management to layer 2 network switches.^[88]
Debugging for PowerShell background jobs and instances of PowerShell hosted in other processes (each of which is called a “runspace”)
Desired State Configuration (DSC) Local Configuration Manager (LCM) version 2.0
DSC partial configurations
DSC Local Configuration Manager meta-configurations
Authoring of DSC resources using PowerShell classes

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Windows PowerShell 5.1

PowerShell Core 6

The -Parallel switch for the ForEach-Object cmdlet to help handle parallel processing
Near parity with Windows PowerShell in terms of compatibility with built-in Windows modules
A new error view
The Get-Error cmdlet
Pipeline chaining operators (&& and ||) that allow conditional execution of the next cmdlet in the pipeline
The ?: operator for ternary operation
The ?? operator for null coalescing
The ??= operator for null coalescing assignment
Cross-platform Invoke-DscResource (experimental)
Return of the Out-GridView cmdlet
Return of the -ShowWindow switch for the Get-Help

Comparison of cmdlets with similar commands

ls and man aliases are absent in the Linux version of PowerShell Core.
Clear-Host is implemented as a predefined PowerShell function.
Available in Windows NT 4, Windows 98 Resource Kit, Windows 2000 Support Tools
Introduced in Windows XP Professional Edition
Also used in UNIX to send a process any signal, the “Terminate” signal is merely the default
curl and wget aliases are absent from PowerShell Core, so as to not interfere with invoking similarly named native commands.

Extension	Description
.ps1	Script file^[111]
.psd1	Module’s manifest file; usually comes with a script module or binary module^[112]
.psm1	Script module file^[113]
.dll	DLL-compliant^[a] binary module file^[114]
.ps1xml	Format and type definitions file^[49]^[115]
.xml	XML-compliant^[b] serialized data file^[116]
.psc1	Console file^[117]
.pssc	Session configuration file^[118]
.psrc	Role Capability file^[119]

Application	Version	Cmdlets	Provider	Management GUI
Exchange Server	2007	402	Yes	Yes
Windows Server	2008	Yes	Yes	No
Microsoft SQL Server	2008	Yes	Yes	No
Microsoft SharePoint	2010	Yes	Yes	No
System Center Configuration Manager	2012 R2	400+	Yes	No
System Center Operations Manager	2007	74	Yes	No
System Center Virtual Machine Manager	2007	Yes	Yes	Yes
System Center Data Protection Manager	2007	Yes	No	No
Windows Compute Cluster Server	2007	Yes	Yes	No
Microsoft Transporter Suite for Lotus Domino^[120]	08.02.0012	47	No	No
Microsoft PowerTools for Open XML^[121]	1.0	33	No	No
IBM WebSphere MQ^[122]	6.0.2.2	44	No	No
IoT Core Add-ons^[123]		74	Unknown	Unknown
Quest Management Shell for Active Directory^[124]	1.7	95	No	No
Special Operations Software Specops Command^[125]	1.0	Yes	No	Yes
VMware vSphere PowerCLI^[126]	6.5 R1	500+	Yes	Yes
Internet Information Services^[127]	7.0	54	Yes	No
Windows 7 Troubleshooting Center^[128]	6.1	Yes	No	Yes
Microsoft Deployment Toolkit^[129]	2010	Yes	Yes	Yes
NetApp PowerShell Toolkit^[130]^[131]	4.2	2000+	Yes	Yes
JAMS Scheduler – Job Access & Management System^[132]	5.0	52	Yes	Yes
UIAutomation^[133]	0.8	432	No	No
Dell Equallogic^[134]	3.5	55	No	No
LOGINventory^[135]	5.8	Yes	Yes	Yes
SePSX^[136]	0.4.1	39	No	No

Wikiversity has learning resources about PowerShell

PowerShell on GitHub
Windows PowerShell Survival Guide on TechNet Wiki