Power shell универсальный

You can use PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code to run a PowerShell script.

To run a PowerShell script using VS code, you need to first install the PowerShell extension in Visual Studio Code.

You can do this by opening the Extensions view using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+X, typing “PowerShell” in the search box, and then clicking the Install button next to the PowerShell extension.

Once the extension is installed, you can easily write and run PowerShell scripts.

Open a new file, save it with a .ps1 extension, and start writing your script.

To execute your script, select the code you want to run, press Ctrl+Shift+P, and type “run selected” to find the Terminal: Run Selected Text In Active Terminal command.

Overview of Visual Studio Code

Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is a popular code editor developed by Microsoft. It is known for its lightweight design and robust functionality, making it suitable for various programming tasks.

For instance, enabling the files.trimTrailingWhitespace setting automatically removes excess whitespace from the file, keeping the code clean.

The integrated terminal is another standout feature. It allows developers to run commands directly within VSCode.

This terminal can be accessed by pressing `Ctrl+“ or navigating the menu.

VSCode offers a command palette, brought up by pressing Ctrl+Shift+P, which provides access to numerous functionalities, including running selected text in the terminal.

Files and projects are organized in a sidebar, making navigation straightforward.

The editor supports various programming languages, syntax highlighting, and debugging capabilities.

The console feature allows for debugging output, making tracking and resolving issues during development easier.

To run PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code, you first need to install Visual Studio Code on your system.

Downloading Visual Studio Code

1. Visit the Visual Studio Code website:
   • For Windows, Linux, and macOS, there are specific download links.

Install on Windows

1. Download the installer: Make sure to download the setup for your version of Windows.
2. Run the installer: Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.
3. Launch Visual Studio Code: After installation, open Visual Studio Code from the Start menu or desktop shortcut.

Install on macOS

1. Download the .dmg file from the Visual Studio Code website.
2. Open the downloaded file: Drag the Visual Studio Code icon to the Applications folder.
3. Open Visual Studio Code: Launch it from the Applications folder or by using Spotlight Search.

Install on Linux

• Debian-based distributions:
  1. Download the .deb package.
  2. Open a terminal and run: sudo apt install ./<file>.deb
• Red Hat-based distributions:
  1. Download the .rpm package.
  2. Open a terminal and run: sudo rpm -i <file>.rpm

Installing PowerShell

After installing Visual Studio Code, install PowerShell to run scripts. PowerShell 7.2 supports Windows, Linux, and macOS:

1. Install PowerShell Core:
   • Download packages from the PowerShell GitHub releases page.
   • Follow platform-specific instructions to complete installation.
2. Verify installation: Open a terminal or command prompt and run: pwsh This command should start PowerShell if installed correctly.

Read PowerShell Data Types

Configure Visual Studio Code for PowerShell

Setting up Visual Studio Code for PowerShell involves installing the PowerShell extension and configuring the integrated environment. This setup provides features like IntelliSense, debugging, syntax highlighting, and a built-in console.

Utilizing the PowerShell Extension

To start, install the PowerShell extension from the Visual Studio Code Marketplace.

Open Visual Studio Code, click on the Extensions icon on the left sidebar or use the shortcut Ctrl+Shift+X. In the search box, type “PowerShell” and click the install button next to the extension.

This extension offers rich language support, such as IntelliSense for code completion, syntax highlighting for better readability, and debugging capabilities.

It also integrates with PowerShell Editor Services, enhancing the editing experience.

Once installed, restart Visual Studio Code to load the extension and its functionalities fully.

Set Up the Integrated Environment

After installing the PowerShell extension, configure the integrated console.

Navigate to File > Preferences > Settings. In the search box, type “terminal integrated shell” and update the terminal settings to set the default shell to PowerShell.

Next, open the keybindings.json file through File > Preferences > Keyboard Shortcuts and select keybindings.json to customize shortcuts for efficient workflow.

Add configurations for launching the PowerShell terminal directly within VS Code.

Configure language mode for PowerShell scripts to ensure proper linting and syntax checking.

Open a PowerShell script file, and an option to set the language mode appears in the bottom right of the screen. Select “PowerShell.”

How to Debug PowerShell Script using VS Code

Debugging PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code is straightforward. Begin by installing the PowerShell extension.

Open the Extensions view with Ctrl+Shift+X and search for “PowerShell”. Click Install next to the PowerShell extension.

To start debugging, open your PowerShell script. Set a breakpoint by clicking in the margin next to the line where you want the script to pause.

Breakpoints can be managed in various ways:

• Line Breakpoints: Click the margin to add a breakpoint on any line.
• Conditional Breakpoints: Right-click the breakpoint and add conditions like specific variable values.

Press F5 to launch the debugger. The script will run up to the breakpoint and pause.

Use the Debug View to inspect variables, call stacks, and watch expressions.

You can add variables to the watch list to track their values during the execution.

The Debug Console allows running commands interactively while paused.

Use commands like Get-Variable to inspect and modify variables.

Use CodeLens to see references and function details directly above the code. This helps navigate large scripts efficiently.

For script analysis, install PSScriptAnalyzer. This tool provides linting and script analysis to catch potential issues.

How to Work with Command Palette and Keyboard Shortcuts

Using the Command Palette and keyboard shortcuts makes working with PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code efficient and straightforward.

For example, to enable PowerShell ISE Mode, type “ISE Mode” in the palette and select PowerShell: Enable ISE Mode.

Common Commands in the Command Palette

• Open a new terminal: Terminal: Create New Integrated Terminal
• Run a selected script: PowerShell: Run Selection
• Format document: PowerShell: Format Document

Useful Keyboard Shortcuts

• Open Extensions View: Ctrl+Shift+X
• Run Code: F5
• Stop Running Code: Shift+F5
• Toggle Terminal: Ctrl+`

Editing and Navigation Shortcuts

• Copy Line Down: Alt+Shift+Down
• Move Line Up: Alt+Up
• Go to Definition: F12
• Find in Files: Ctrl+Shift+F

Read How to Run PowerShell Script From Command Line With Parameters?

Customize User and Workspace Settings

To access the Settings editor, navigate to File > Preferences > Settings.

Alternatively, press Ctrl+, on Windows and Linux or Cmd+, on macOS. This brings up a comprehensive interface for managing all configurations.

For quick changes, using the Command Palette is an efficient method.

Open it by pressing Ctrl+Shift+P, and type “Preferences: Open Settings”. This method allows you to modify settings without leaving your code window.

Example Settings to Configure

1. Font Size:
   • Increase readability by adjusting font size.
   • "editor.fontSize": 14
2. Theme:
   • Customize the look and feel by choosing from various themes.
   • "workbench.colorTheme": "Visual Studio Dark"
3. PowerShell Extension:
   • Ensure PowerShell scripts have syntax highlighting and other features.
   • "powershell.codeFormatting.preset": "Custom"

Configuring the Status Bar

The Status Bar at the bottom can be customized to display important information. For example, you can show the currently active PowerShell version.

"powershell.integratedConsole.showOnStartup": true

Workspace Settings

Setting up workspaces allows project-specific configurations:

1. Open or create a .code-workspace file.
2. Define settings that apply only to the current workspace.

{
    "folders": [],
    "settings": {
        "powershell.codeFormatting.autoCorrectAliases": true
    }
}

Testing PowerShell Scripts using Visual Studio Code

Testing PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code is easy.

First, ensure you have the PowerShell extension installed. This extension supports both PowerShell Core and Windows PowerShell 5.1.

To start, open your script file in Visual Studio Code.

For testing purposes, use a command like:

Write-Output "Hello, World!"

To debug, add breakpoints by clicking on the left margin next to the line number.

Steps to Test:

1. Press F5 to start debugging.
2. The script runs and stops at breakpoints, letting you inspect variables.

PowerShell Integrated Console within the editor provides an interactive experience, allowing you to run and test scripts in real time. Press Ctrl+Shift+ to open this console.

Read PowerShell try catch examples

Handle Execution Policy Restrictions in VS Code

To run PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code, it’s important to handle execution policy restrictions correctly. Here’s what you need to know.

Execution Policy is a safety feature in PowerShell that controls the conditions under which PowerShell loads configuration files and runs scripts. Visual Studio Code respects these settings.

To view current execution policies:

Get-ExecutionPolicy -List

Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Force

To persist settings for different PowerShell versions or editions, use different commands and PowerShell executables as required.

Here’s a table summarizing common execution policies:

Frequently Asked Questions

Conclusion

I hope you know how to use Visual Studio code to execute PowerShell scripts.

This can be done by opening the Extensions view and searching for “PowerShell.”

After installing the extension, syntax highlighting will start working automatically when a PowerShell script file is saved.

Typing “run selected” will allow execution of the highlighted code in the active terminal.

If you still have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

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